Varicosis is a disease that is common in adults, which women aged 40-60 are mainly subjected to.The disease is characterized by instability of the valves of blood vessels of the lower leg and hip, as well as blood flow dysfunction and pathological venous expansion.
The walls of blood vessels for various circumstances are not able to carry out its functioning, and their natural elasticity is completely lost.
18–20% of the population suffer from the disease and approximately 50% of patients at the preliminary stage do not think about the fact that they have a serious disease.
- When the structural structure of the vessel wall is brokenAnd their tone is reduced, the deep veins of the legs are unevenly expanded.This pathology actively contributes to excessive voltage to the lower limbs.
- Blood rising along the rivers of the artery of a large circle of blood circulationFrom the left ventricle, saturated with oxygen and nutrients and absorbing carbon dioxide and metabolic products, should rise upstairs through the veins through the right ventricle into the lungs, in order to get rid of the unnecessary and get a new portion of the necessary legs.
- So that blood rising up, does not go back, in the veins of the legs are valves.In expanded veins, the valves are not slammed in a dense manner, and in connection with this the blood does not go completely, but only goes down and begins to stagnate.Then another portion comes to it and a failure occurs in the blood circulation.
- In connection with the staging of blood in the vessels of the veins, red blood clots are gradually formingconsisting mainly of red blood cells.The clot forms a tail and head, which is attached to the vascular wall, and the tail remains to stick platelets.
- Clouds that appeared for a long time are attached to the walls of advanced veinsAnd they will become a very dangerous factor, since the thrombus, which broke away and went into the bloodstream, is dangerous, as it clogs an important artery.
Stages of the disease
Different experts distinguish different stages of varicose veins, but the main stages are considered to be the main ones, plus the initial, when the disease manifests itself quietly and it is possible to consider it only if we listen to the “signals” of the body:
- Stage of compensation.During it, there is a general increase in veins that does not cause any claims of the patient, but acts as a cosmetic flaw.
- Stage of subcompensation.The presence of extended veins near the upper layer of the skin is associated with an unpleasant sensation of the severity and bursting, itching, high swelling, convulsive contractions, parestesia and high irritability.
- Staday decompensation.In such a situation, there is a high swelling of the legs, which is complemented by constant convulsive contractions and blood vessels under the skin.In addition, expanded veins become dense in structure and clearly stand out above the upper layer of the skin.
- Staday complicated.It is associated with the occurrence of trophic ulcers, thrombophlebitis and phlebotrombosis, external ugliness, which becomes the cause for an inferiority complex.
In fact, starting from the 2nd stage of the disease, and, it is better, and 1 should consult a phlebologist, since the disease is quite serious and, the sooner to take the necessary measures, the faster progression to the subsequent stages of the disease will stop.
It must be remembered that each stage of the disease is dangerous to adverse consequences for the body completely, not only the limbs.To know what to do with varicose veins, you need to visit a phlebologist.
Signs of varicose veins
Varicose veins in women have a number of symptoms that are difficult to confuse with other ailments.In order not to miss the initial stage of the disease, you should know about the first signs of varicose veins and take the necessary measures in time.
The main symptoms of the disease:
- The occurrence of pain in the limbs, a feeling of heat or burning inside the veins;
- Severity;
- Swelling of the lower extremities in the late period of the day;
- Convulsive abbreviations at night;
- Expanded veins;
- The skin of the lower leg becomes dark color, seals occur, trophic ulcers are likely.
It should also be noted other signs of varicose veins:
- There are known manifestations that cover only the part of the popliteal fossa and the posterior surface of the lower extremities.If the skin is thick or it is inherent in excessive legs.
- Easily palpated - the damaged veins are felt from air.
- If the patient is laid, lift his legs - the net will disappear, and if you get up, there will be a thickening again.
- You feel the severity in the legs, dull pain, convulsive abbreviations.Often the patient makes a complaint against burning.Exacerbations are manifested in the evening or after a long stay on the legs.
- The feet can swell, especially in the areas of soft fabrics.
Symptoms will be burdened if therapy is not done in a timely manner.Trophic changes can spread further to the skin of the lower leg and foot.The upper layer will dry, turn blue, begin to swell.
In connection with the development of varicose veins, you can observe:
- Pigmentation.
- Seal.
- Trophic ulcers.
- Disorders in the nutrition of the skin.
When extraneous signs of the disease occur, fever or lethargy, therefore, the ailment goes into the phase of complications.There is an extremely rare symptoms - bleeding during the rupture of the nodes.Most often appear at night.
With the predominance of advanced pathology of varicose veins, the symptoms are immobilized and often causes subsequent disability.High swelling does not allow to sleep and deprives calm.
Sometimes the symptoms are so intense and painful that it will affect the central nervous system and the general tone of the patient.In such a situation, decisive therapeutic measures are needed, since pathology only develops.
Causes of the disease
- The causes of varicose veins include- Long wiring standing, obesity, pregnancy, prolonged wearing stockings or socks with a tight elastic band, hereditary weakness of connective tissue.All of the above is attributed to the initial factors of the progress of the disease.
- Varicose veins during pregnancy often occursOn the lower extremities, but sometimes veins appear on the external genital organs.Although expanded veins are often only a cosmetic defect, during pregnancy this can become a painful process.
- Interior varicose veinsIt is mainly characterized by an inconspicuous manifestation, in fact, this is the main nuisance.Some people feel severe complications.Vienna hurts, ulcers form on the skin.
- Varicosis is formedWith improper blood flow in the veins.Experts made a study of the causes of this ailment, unusual for other living beings to the extent in which people are sick.
Such reasons include:- Directing.Scientists explain the ailment of legs with excessive pressure.A pillar of blood goes to myocardium.Particularly dangerous for those who have been on their feet for a long time.
- Genetic location.Many people have such a disease - a factor transmitted from parents.A similar probability of the disease can be avoided if the occurrence of concomitant factors.Hereditary varicose veins often occurs in childhood.
- Specificity of work, passive lifestyle.When a person moves little, the probability of the disease appears.Some doctors are offered to name the ailment "computer varicose veins."
- Criminations in the endocrine and hormonal system.In connection with the characteristics of the female body, the period of hormonal disorders will cause blood staging.The most unfavorable time is puberty, pregnancy, postpartum period, menopause.Women turn to phlebologists several times more often.
- Clothes in the outflow of blood through the veins.Appear as a mechanical formation - a blood clot, uterus, a tumor.
- Stressful situations and nervous disordersaffect the state of blood vessels.In the venous wall there are nerve endings that give elasticity.During the increase inside the vein of pressure, the influence of toxic substances, alcoholic drinks, the lumen of the vessels loses the tone and expands.
- Arterial-venous anastomic.They are formed due to pressure on the renewal of blood arterial cells.
- The muscle pump is located in the muscles of the foot IKRwho all the time needs activation.It is extremely important to observe the state of health, not to allow protracted ailments - cough and attack.
Methods of treatment
When varicose veins are detected, the patient must understand that therapy is long and tiring.
It is impossible to completely eliminate the ailment, but it is entirely possible to stop the aggravation of the pathology: it is possible:
- Begin therapy in a conservative way, and the patient, first of all, must observe proper nutrition, monitor the weight, wear special clothes, get rid of excessive physical exertion, use prescribed sclerosis drugs.
- Medication includes pharmacological groupscapable of normal blood circulation, strengthen the vascular walls, ensure the elasticity of the walls of the veins, and in time to prevent the appearance of pathogenic blood clots.
- Particularly popular in the characteristic clinical pathology is the method of sclerotherapy, which provides under the influence of a special substance, sticking the walls of the damaged vessel and its subsequent obstruction.The clinical and cosmetological effect will be favorable, moreover, there are almost no contraindications.
- If you use radical methods of therapy, the operation is now popular nowTroyanov - Trendelenburg, its goal is to artificially bandage a large subcutaneous vein of the thighs and eliminate the subcutaneous expanded veins of the limbs.After the operation, you need a long restoration, but the effect will be positive, since a long remission will come.
- Laser therapy is carried out through intravascular influenceThermal laser energy to the vein wall and blood clots attached to it, replaced by connective tissue.
Operation for varicose veins is carried out only by emergency or depending on the tactics of therapy and the stage of the disease.
Contraindications for varicose veins
During varicose veins, it is prohibited:
- Do not control your weight.Let not “obesity”, but excessive stress on the legs does not help eliminate difficulties with the veins;
- Pass the lifestyleIn connection with which blood pressure in the vessels will increase.Work on the legs needs massage every day and exercises in order to improve blood circulation;
- Make "power" exercises- squat or squeeze with weighting;
- Strong exercises on an exercise bike, running or active sports.It is necessary to postpone this until the time when the doctor resolves classes.
- "Bann" and "honey" massages.Excessive effects on overloaded vessels can harm, as opposed to milder self -massage, where the legs are neatly massaged;
- Use hormonal drugs, not consulting with a specialist.With the primary signs of varicose veins, the doctor should be examined and notify of the use of hormones;
- High -heeled shoes.If therapy is carried out in time, then soon it will not need to be complex due to the disease.
Consequences, complications
The clinical effect depends on the stage at which the ailment is detected.The faster to diagnose it, the higher the probability of complete healing.
Otherwise, there may be such adverse consequences:
- trophic ulcers;
- trophic eczema;
- open bleeding from nodes;
- deep vein thrombosis;
- posttrombophlebitical disease;
- constant venous failure;
- Varicose trophic ulcer.
One of the most difficult complications is acute thrombophlebitis, which has the following signs:
- redness;
- pain;
- Tangible seals according to the sipping subcutaneously located vessels.
Brombosis for varicose veins is a common ailment.It is the formation of blood clots in the legs in the lumen of deep veins.This disease is dangerous in that it often appears in completely healthy people.
Cloths that appear are included in the favorable course of the process, and in this case, with the therapy, they are organized and then resolved.In this regard, the vessel will begin.The lumen can be blocked.Therefore, there is a high probability of prisoner and sclerosis of the damaged vein.
When the ailment develops, factors appear that accompany varicotrombophlebitis.Next, Lebotrombosis occurs.The ailment will cover the deep vein system, the pulmonary artery thrombembolia will begin.In case of refusal to therapy, occlusion of the vessels of the limbs may appear when the outflow of blood stops and gangrene will appear.
It is very important to know about the symptoms of this pathology.
Prevention
When the patient falls at risk, then some prevention measures should follow in life.
These include:
- A competent construction of the regime of work and rest, which will make it possible to lower the orthostatic load, which is extremely important if there is an innate predisposition.
- Selection of various positions of the body when you need to sit for a long time.
- Refusal of the "leg by the leg".
- The rejection of all things that squeeze the legs, the waist.
- Long walks in comfortable shoes that do not press, without heels and studs, allowed only on holidays, with the condition of the minimum time of their wearing.
- Avoiding constipation that increase the degree of pressure of blood circulation of a small pelvis.
Allowed:
- A bicycle walk (helps to improve the activity of the cardiovascular system).
- Swimming.
- Feet during the rest of the legs on the elevation.
- Regular charging in the morning and evening.
- Hirudotherapy.
- Making weight.
- Healthy food diet.
- Refusal of pernicious habits, smoking.
- Contrast shower.
- Drinking from 1.5 liters of liquid per day.
- A special system of exercises that contribute to an effective outflow of blood.
- The use of medicines or plant agents in order to improve the tone of the vein wall.
These measures are recommended to be done in the vast majority of situations, with non -power of acute contraindications.
- The preventive measures of varicose veins are extremely important, in particular in the current society.When the initial symptoms of the disease appear, you can, observing quite simple rules, slow down the progress of the disease, and avoid its subsequent development.
- For preventive purposesDo not stay for a long period of time under ultraviolet irradiation.The above helps to lower the tone of veins, contributing to stagnation in the limbs.
- For preventive purposes of the disease, you can’t wear tight things, like socks and a stocking with a tight elastic band, since such clothes are too squeezing veins, which will negatively affect the future of the lower extremities in the future.You can not wear high -heeled shoes.
- It is forbidden to engage in such sports,Like tennis, heavy athletics, bodybuilding, since such types contribute to an increase in pressure in the veins of the legs.
- No need to sit in the "leg by the leg" position,Due to the fact that during the abandonment of one knee to another, a certain barrier for proper blood in the lower extremities will be created.